MapServer: heap-buffer-overflow in SLD Categorize parser (msSLDParseRasterSymbolizer)
What's the vulnerability?
MapServer is a CGI binary that parses OGC SLD (Styled Layer Descriptor) XML to style raster/vector layers it serves over WMS/WFS. msSLDParseRasterSymbolizer in src/mapogcsld.cpp (around line 2894) allocates a fixed-size buffer for 100 threshold pointers for a <se:Categorize> element. The reallocation guard checks the wrong variable — nValues == nMaxThreshold instead of nThresholds == nMaxThreshold. Because nValues increments at a different rate than nThresholds, reallocation never fires when the SLD contains more than 100 <se:Threshold> children, and the subsequent pointer writes spill past the 100-slot array.
The bug is reachable unauthenticated on any MapServer instance that accepts an SLD body in its WMS request (SLD_BODY parameter is the standard OGC angle; SLD URL-by-reference also reaches the same parser). Practical impact is at minimum a worker-process crash (CVSS A:H per NIST); depending on heap state, the spilled pointers may be controllable enough for a stronger consequence — that's outside the scope this ticket asks for, but it does NOT cap at "ASAN goes brr". The reproduction MUST hit the real mapserv CGI entry, not a unit-test harness.
Root Cause Analysis
Variant Analysis
Bypass and alternate trigger exploration (if present).
Verify with pruva-verify
Run the Pruva CLI to automatically fetch and execute the reproduction script.
pruva-verify REPRO-2026-00183 pruva-verify GHSA-cv4m-mr84-fgjp pruva-verify CVE-2026-33721 curl -fsSL https://pruva.dev/install.sh | sh Or Run Manually
Download the script
curl -O https://pruva.dev/api/v1/reproductions/REPRO-2026-00183/artifacts/bundle/repro/reproduction_steps.sh Make executable
chmod +x reproduction_steps.sh Run the script
./reproduction_steps.sh How Pruva Reproduced This
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